S. 1582: Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for U.S. Stablecoins Act

Bill · 119th Congress (2025–2026). Became law, 18 Jul 2025 · Public Law 119-27. Introduced 1 May 2025.

Official title: A bill to provide for the regulation of payment stablecoins, and for other purposes.

Vote results

How each member voted

White House

Signed (1): Donald Trump (R, President).

Not in office (2): Joseph Biden (D, President); Kamala D. Harris (D, Vice President).

Senate

Yea (68): Chuck Grassley (R-IA); Mitch McConnell (R-KY); Mike Crapo (R-ID); Roger F. Wicker (R-MS); Susan M. Collins (R-ME); Jerry Moran (R-KS); John Thune (R-SD); Shelley Moore Capito (R-WV); Adam B. Schiff (D-CA); John Boozman (R-AR); John Cornyn (R-TX); Lisa Murkowski (R-AK); Marsha Blackburn (R-TN); Kirsten E. Gillibrand (D-NY); John Barrasso (R-WY); Bill Cassidy (R-LA); Martin Heinrich (D-NM); Ben Ray Luján (D-NM); James E. Risch (R-ID); Mark R. Warner (D-VA); John Hoeven (R-ND); Ron Johnson (R-WI); James Lankford (R-OK); Mike Lee (R-UT); Tim Scott (R-SC); Todd Young (R-IN); Kevin Cramer (R-ND); Ted Cruz (R-TX); Steve Daines (R-MT); Deb Fischer (R-NE); Cynthia M. Lummis (R-WY); Cory A. Booker (D-NJ); Joni Ernst (R-IA); Ruben Gallego (D-AZ); Mike Rounds (R-SD); Dan Sullivan (R-AK); Thom Tillis (R-NC); Jim Banks (R-IN); Ted Budd (R-NC); Catherine Cortez Masto (D-NV); Margaret Wood Hassan (D-NH); John Kennedy (R-LA); Roger Marshall (R-KS); Jacky Rosen (D-NV); John R. Curtis (R-UT); Cindy Hyde-Smith (R-MS); Andy Kim (D-NJ); Elissa Slotkin (D-MI); Rick Scott (R-FL); Bill Hagerty (R-TN); John W. Hickenlooper (D-CO); Tommy Tuberville (R-AL); Jon Ossoff (D-GA); Alex Padilla (D-CA); Raphael G. Warnock (D-GA); Katie Boyd Britt (R-AL); John Fetterman (D-PA); Eric Schmitt (R-MO); Pete Ricketts (R-NE); Angela D. Alsobrooks (D-MD); David McCormick (R-PA); Bernie Moreno (R-OH); Tim Sheehy (R-MT); James C. Justice (R-WV); Jon Husted (R-OH); Ashley Moody (R-FL); Lindsey Graham (R-SC); Markwayne Mullin (R-OK).

Nay (30): Edward J. Markey (D-MA); Charles E. Schumer (D-NY); Ron Wyden (D-OR); Richard J. Durbin (D-IL); Jack Reed (D-RI); Bernard Sanders (I-VT); Patty Murray (D-WA); Tammy Baldwin (D-WI); Maria Cantwell (D-WA); Chris Van Hollen (D-MD); Mazie K. Hirono (D-HI); Amy Klobuchar (D-MN); Christopher Murphy (D-CT); Peter Welch (D-VT); Sheldon Whitehouse (D-RI); Jeff Merkley (D-OR); Gary C. Peters (D-MI); Jeanne Shaheen (D-NH); Michael F. Bennet (D-CO); Christopher A. Coons (D-DE); Richard Blumenthal (D-CT); Rand Paul (R-KY); Brian Schatz (D-HI); Tammy Duckworth (D-IL); Tim Kaine (D-VA); Angus S. King, Jr. (I-ME); Elizabeth Warren (D-MA); Lisa Blunt Rochester (D-DE); Tina Smith (D-MN); Josh Hawley (R-MO).

Not voting (2): Tom Cotton (R-AR); Mark Kelly (D-AZ).

Not in office (4): Alan Armstrong (R-OK); Darline Graham (R-SC); Marco Rubio (R-FL); J.D. Vance (R-OH).

House

Yea (308): Harold Rogers (R-KY-5); Christopher H. Smith (R-NJ-4); Nancy Pelosi (D-CA-11); Ken Calvert (R-CA-41); Frank D. Lucas (R-OK-3); Zoe Lofgren (D-CA-18); Robert B. Aderholt (R-AL-4); Gregory W. Meeks (D-NY-5); Michael K. Simpson (R-ID-2); Mike Thompson (D-CA-4); Pete Sessions (R-TX-17); Sam Graves (R-MO-6); Rick Larsen (D-WA-2); Joe Wilson (R-SC-2); John R. Carter (R-TX-31); Tom Cole (R-OK-4); Mario Diaz-Balart (R-FL-26); Mike Rogers (R-AL-3); Michael R. Turner (R-OH-10); Darrell Issa (R-CA-48); Jim Costa (D-CA-21); Henry Cuellar (D-TX-28); Virginia Foxx (R-NC-5); Michael T. McCaul (R-TX-10); Debbie Wasserman Schultz (D-FL-25); Doris O. Matsui (D-CA-7); Gus M. Bilirakis (R-FL-12); Vern Buchanan (R-FL-16); Jim Jordan (R-OH-4); Adrian Smith (R-NE-3); Robert E. Latta (R-OH-5); Robert J. Wittman (R-VA-1); Steve Scalise (R-LA-1); Tim Walberg (R-MI-5); Brett Guthrie (R-KY-2); James A. Himes (D-CT-4); Tom McClintock (R-CA-5); Glenn Thompson (R-PA-15); Mike Quigley (D-IL-5); Eric A. "Rick" Crawford (R-AR-1); Scott DesJarlais (R-TN-4); Charles J. "Chuck" Fleischmann (R-TN-3); Paul A. Gosar (R-AZ-9); Bill Huizenga (R-MI-4); Mike Kelly (R-PA-16); David Schweikert (R-AZ-1); Terri A. Sewell (D-AL-7); Daniel Webster (R-FL-11); Steve Womack (R-AR-3); Dina Titus (D-NV-1); Mark E. Amodei (R-NV-2); Suzan K. DelBene (D-WA-1); Andy Barr (R-KY-6); Ami Bera (D-CA-6); Julia Brownley (D-CA-26); Lois Frankel (D-FL-22); Richard Hudson (R-NC-9); Hakeem S. Jeffries (D-NY-8); David P. Joyce (R-OH-14); Grace Meng (D-NY-6); Scott H. Peters (D-CA-50); Raul Ruiz (D-CA-25); Marc A. Veasey (D-TX-33); Ann Wagner (R-MO-2); Randy K. Weber, Sr. (R-TX-14); Roger Williams (R-TX-25); Robin L. Kelly (D-IL-2); Jason Smith (R-MO-8); Katherine M. Clark (D-MA-5); Pete Aguilar (D-CA-33); Rick W. Allen (R-GA-12); Brian Babin (R-TX-36); Mike Bost (R-IL-12); Brendan F. Boyle (D-PA-2); Earl L. "Buddy" Carter (R-GA-1); Tom Emmer (R-MN-6); Glenn Grothman (R-WI-6); J. French Hill (R-AR-2); Ted Lieu (D-CA-36); Barry Loudermilk (R-GA-11); John R. Moolenaar (R-MI-2); Seth Moulton (D-MA-6); Dan Newhouse (R-WA-4); Gary J. Palmer (R-AL-6); David Rouzer (R-NC-7); Elise M. Stefanik (R-NY-21); Bruce Westerman (R-AR-4); Bradley Scott Schneider (D-IL-10); David G. Valadao (R-CA-22); Trent Kelly (R-MS-1); Darin LaHood (R-IL-16); James Comer (R-KY-1); Jodey C. Arrington (R-TX-19); Don Bacon (R-NE-2); Jack Bergman (R-MI-1); Salud O. Carbajal (D-CA-24); J. Luis Correa (D-CA-46); Neal P. Dunn (R-FL-2); Adriano Espaillat (D-NY-13); Brian K. Fitzpatrick (R-PA-1); Vicente Gonzalez (D-TX-34); Josh Gottheimer (D-NJ-5); Clay Higgins (R-LA-3); Steven Horsford (D-NV-4); Mike Johnson (R-LA-4); Ro Khanna (D-CA-17); Raja Krishnamoorthi (D-IL-8); David Kustoff (R-TN-8); Brian J. Mast (R-FL-21); Jimmy Panetta (D-CA-19); John H. Rutherford (R-FL-5); Lloyd Smucker (R-PA-11); Darren Soto (D-FL-9); Ron Estes (R-KS-4); Ralph Norman (R-SC-5); Jimmy Gomez (D-CA-34); Thomas R. Suozzi (D-NY-3); Troy Balderson (R-OH-12); Kevin Hern (R-OK-1); Marlin A. Stutzman (R-IN-3); James R. Baird (R-IN-4); Tim Burchett (R-TN-2); Ben Cline (R-VA-6); Angie Craig (D-MN-2); Dan Crenshaw (R-TX-2); Jared F. Golden (D-ME-2); Lance Gooden (R-TX-5); Michael Guest (R-MS-3); Josh Harder (D-CA-9); Chrissy Houlahan (D-PA-6); Dusty Johnson (R-SD-AL); John Joyce (R-PA-13); Susie Lee (D-NV-3); Mike Levin (D-CA-49); Lucy McBath (D-GA-6); Daniel Meuser (R-PA-9); Carol D. Miller (R-WV-1); Chris Pappas (D-NH-1); Guy Reschenthaler (R-PA-14); John W. Rose (R-TN-6); Kim Schrier (D-WA-8); Greg Stanton (D-AZ-4); Pete Stauber (R-MN-8); Bryan Steil (R-WI-1); W. Gregory Steube (R-FL-17); Haley M. Stevens (D-MI-11); William R. Timmons IV (R-SC-4); Lori Trahan (D-MA-3); Jefferson Van Drew (R-NJ-2); Claudia Tenney (R-NY-24); Gregory F. Murphy (R-NC-3); Thomas P. Tiffany (R-WI-7); Ryan K. Zinke (R-MT-1); Cliff Bentz (R-OR-2); Stephanie I. Bice (R-OK-5); Lauren Boebert (R-CO-4); Kat Cammack (R-FL-3); Andrew S. Clyde (R-GA-9); Byron Donalds (R-FL-19); Pat Fallon (R-TX-4); Randy Feenstra (R-IA-4); Cleo Fields (D-LA-6); Michelle Fischbach (R-MN-7); Scott Fitzgerald (R-WI-5); Scott Franklin (R-FL-18); Andrew R. Garbarino (R-NY-2); Carlos A. Gimenez (R-FL-28); Diana Harshbarger (R-TN-1); Ashley Hinson (R-IA-2); Ronny Jackson (R-TX-13); Young Kim (R-CA-40); Nancy Mace (R-SC-1); Nicole Malliotakis (R-NY-11); Tracey Mann (R-KS-1); Lisa C. McClain (R-MI-9); Mary E. Miller (R-IL-15); Mariannette Miller-Meeks (R-IA-1); Barry Moore (R-AL-1); Blake D. Moore (R-UT-1); Troy E. Nehls (R-TX-22); Jay Obernolte (R-CA-23); Burgess Owens (R-UT-4); August Pfluger (R-TX-11); Maria Elvira Salazar (R-FL-27); Victoria Spartz (R-IN-5); Marilyn Strickland (D-WA-10); Ritchie Torres (D-NY-15); Beth Van Duyne (R-TX-24); Julia Letlow (R-LA-5); Jake Ellzey (R-TX-6); Mike Carey (R-OH-15); Mike Flood (R-NE-1); Brad Finstad (R-MN-1); Patrick Ryan (D-NY-18); Rudy Yakym III (R-IN-2); Mark Alford (R-MO-4); Aaron Bean (R-FL-4); Josh Brecheen (R-OK-2); Nikki Budzinski (D-IL-13); Juan Ciscomani (R-AZ-6); Mike Collins (R-GA-10); Jasmine Crockett (D-TX-30); Donald G. Davis (D-NC-1); Monica De La Cruz (R-TX-15); Chuck Edwards (R-NC-11); Mike Ezell (R-MS-4); Russell Fry (R-SC-7); Robert Garcia (D-CA-42); Marie Gluesenkamp Perez (D-WA-3); Daniel S. Goldman (D-NY-10); Harriet M. Hageman (R-WY-AL); Erin Houchin (R-IN-9); Wesley Hunt (R-TX-38); Jonathan L. Jackson (D-IL-1); John James (R-MI-10); Sydney Kamlager-Dove (D-CA-37); Thomas H. Kean, Jr. (R-NJ-7); Jennifer A. Kiggans (R-VA-2); Kevin Kiley (I-CA-3); Nick LaLota (R-NY-1); Greg Landsman (D-OH-1); Nicholas A. Langworthy (R-NY-23); Michael Lawler (R-NY-17); Laurel M. Lee (R-FL-15); Anna Paulina Luna (R-FL-13); Morgan Luttrell (R-TX-8); Seth Magaziner (D-RI-2); Richard McCormick (R-GA-7); Morgan McGarvey (D-KY-3); Robert Menendez (D-NJ-8); Max L. Miller (R-OH-7); Cory Mills (R-FL-7); Nathaniel Moran (R-TX-1); Jared Moskowitz (D-FL-23); Zachary Nunn (R-IA-3); Andrew Ogles (R-TN-5); Brittany Pettersen (D-CO-7); Hillary J. Scholten (D-MI-3); Keith Self (R-TX-3); Eric Sorensen (D-IL-17); Dale W. Strong (R-AL-5); Emilia Strong Sykes (D-OH-13); Shri Thanedar (D-MI-13); Derrick Van Orden (R-WI-3); Gabe Vasquez (D-NM-2); Gabe Amo (D-RI-1); Celeste Maloy (R-UT-2); Timothy M. Kennedy (D-NY-26); Vince Fong (R-CA-20); Michael A. Rulli (R-OH-6); Tony Wied (R-WI-8); Tom Barrett (R-MI-7); Michael Baumgartner (R-WA-5); Nicholas J. Begich III (R-AK-AL); Wesley Bell (D-MO-1); Sheri Biggs (R-SC-3); Robert P. Bresnahan, Jr. (R-PA-8); Janelle S. Bynum (D-OR-5); Herbert C. Conaway, Jr. (D-NJ-3); Jeff Crank (R-CO-5); Troy Downing (R-MT-2); Gabe Evans (R-CO-8); Julie Fedorchak (R-ND-AL); Shomari Figures (D-AL-2); Brandon Gill (R-TX-26); Laura Gillen (D-NY-4); Craig A. Goldman (R-TX-12); Maggie Goodlander (D-NH-2); Adam Gray (D-CA-13); Abraham J. Hamadeh (R-AZ-8); Mike Haridopolos (R-FL-8); Pat Harrigan (R-NC-10); Mark Harris (R-NC-8); Jeff Hurd (R-CO-3); Brian Jack (R-GA-3); Julie Johnson (D-TX-32); Mike Kennedy (R-UT-3); Brad Knott (R-NC-13); George Latimer (D-NY-16); Sam T. Liccardo (D-CA-16); Ryan Mackenzie (R-PA-7); John W. Mannion (D-NY-22); April McClain Delaney (D-MD-6); Kristen McDonald Rivet (D-MI-8); Addison P. McDowell (R-NC-6); John J. McGuire III (R-VA-5); Mark B. Messmer (R-IN-8); Dave Min (D-CA-47); Riley M. Moore (R-WV-2); Tim Moore (R-NC-14); Johnny Olszewski, Jr. (D-MD-2); Robert F. Onder, Jr. (R-MO-3); Nellie Pou (D-NJ-9); Josh Riley (D-NY-19); Derek Schmidt (R-KS-2); Jefferson Shreve (R-IN-6); Suhas Subramanyam (D-VA-10); David J. Taylor (R-OH-2); Derek Tran (D-CA-45); Eugene Simon Vindman (D-VA-7); George Whitesides (D-CA-27); Randy Fine (R-FL-6); Jimmy Patronis (R-FL-1); Eric Swalwell (D-CA-14); Doug LaMalfa (R-CA-1); Mikie Sherrill (D-NJ-11); Tony Gonzales (R-TX-23); Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick (D-FL-20).

Nay (122): Steny H. Hoyer (D-MD-5); Marcy Kaptur (D-OH-9); Frank Pallone, Jr. (D-NJ-6); Richard E. Neal (D-MA-1); Rosa L. DeLauro (D-CT-3); Maxine Waters (D-CA-43); Jerrold Nadler (D-NY-12); Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. (D-GA-2); James E. Clyburn (D-SC-6); Robert C. "Bobby" Scott (D-VA-3); Nydia M. Velázquez (D-NY-7); Bennie G. Thompson (D-MS-2); Lloyd Doggett (D-TX-37); Danny K. Davis (D-IL-7); Diana DeGette (D-CO-1); James P. McGovern (D-MA-2); Brad Sherman (D-CA-32); Adam Smith (D-WA-9); John B. Larson (D-CT-1); Janice D. Schakowsky (D-IL-9); Betty McCollum (D-MN-4); Stephen F. Lynch (D-MA-8); Linda T. Sánchez (D-CA-38); Emanuel Cleaver (D-MO-5); Al Green (D-TX-9); Gwen Moore (D-WI-4); Kathy Castor (D-FL-14); Yvette D. Clarke (D-NY-9); Steve Cohen (D-TN-9); Joe Courtney (D-CT-2); Henry C. "Hank" Johnson, Jr. (D-GA-4); André Carson (D-IN-7); Chellie Pingree (D-ME-1); Paul Tonko (D-NY-20); Judy Chu (D-CA-28); John Garamendi (D-CA-8); Bill Foster (D-IL-11); H. Morgan Griffith (R-VA-9); Andy Harris (R-MD-1); William R. Keating (D-MA-9); Austin Scott (R-GA-8); Frederica S. Wilson (D-FL-24); Kweisi Mfume (D-MD-7); Suzanne Bonamici (D-OR-1); Joyce Beatty (D-OH-3); Joaquin Castro (D-TX-20); Jared Huffman (D-CA-2); Scott Perry (R-PA-10); Mark Pocan (D-WI-2); Mark Takano (D-CA-39); Juan Vargas (D-CA-52); Alma S. Adams (D-NC-12); Donald Norcross (D-NJ-1); Donald S. Beyer, Jr. (D-VA-8); Ed Case (D-HI-1); Mark DeSaulnier (D-CA-10); Debbie Dingell (D-MI-6); Norma J. Torres (D-CA-35); Bonnie Watson Coleman (D-NJ-12); Warren Davidson (R-OH-8); Dwight Evans (D-PA-3); Nanette Diaz Barragán (D-CA-44); Andy Biggs (R-AZ-5); Pramila Jayapal (D-WA-7); Jamie Raskin (D-MD-8); Michael Cloud (R-TX-27); Joseph D. Morelle (D-NY-25); Mary Gay Scanlon (D-PA-5); Sean Casten (D-IL-6); Jason Crow (D-CO-6); Sharice Davids (D-KS-3); Madeleine Dean (D-PA-4); Veronica Escobar (D-TX-16); Lizzie Fletcher (D-TX-7); Russ Fulcher (R-ID-1); Sylvia R. Garcia (D-TX-29); Jesús G. "Chuy" García (D-IL-4); Jahana Hayes (D-CT-5); Joe Neguse (D-CO-2); Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-NY-14); Ilhan Omar (D-MN-5); Ayanna Pressley (D-MA-7); Chip Roy (R-TX-21); Rashida Tlaib (D-MI-12); Lauren Underwood (D-IL-14); Jake Auchincloss (D-MA-4); Sara Jacobs (D-CA-51); Teresa Leger Fernandez (D-NM-3); Frank J. Mrvan (D-IN-1); Deborah K. Ross (D-NC-2); Nikema Williams (D-GA-5); Troy A. Carter (D-LA-2); Melanie A. Stansbury (D-NM-1); Shontel M. Brown (D-OH-11); Becca Balint (D-VT-AL); Eric Burlison (R-MO-7); Greg Casar (D-TX-35); Gilbert Ray Cisneros, Jr. (D-CA-31); Elijah Crane (R-AZ-2); Christopher R. Deluzio (D-PA-17); Valerie P. Foushee (D-NC-4); Maxwell Frost (D-FL-10); Val T. Hoyle (D-OR-4); Glenn Ivey (D-MD-4); Summer L. Lee (D-PA-12); Kevin Mullin (D-CA-15); Delia C. Ramirez (D-IL-3); Andrea Salinas (D-OR-6); Jill N. Tokuda (D-HI-2); Jennifer L. McClellan (D-VA-4); LaMonica McIver (D-NJ-10); Yassamin Ansari (D-AZ-3); Maxine Dexter (D-OR-3); Sarah Elfreth (D-MD-3); Laura Friedman (D-CA-30); Sarah McBride (D-DE-AL); Kelly Morrison (D-MN-3); Emily Randall (D-WA-6); Luz M. Rivas (D-CA-29); Lateefah Simon (D-CA-12); David Scott (D-GA-13); Marjorie Taylor Greene (R-GA-14).

Not voting (2): Thomas Massie (R-KY-4); Mark E. Green (R-TN-7).

Not in office (13): James R. Walkinshaw (D-VA-11); Adelita S. Grijalva (D-AZ-7); Matt Van Epps (R-TN-7); Christian D. Menefee (D-TX-18); Clay Fuller (R-GA-14); Analilia Mejia (D-NJ-11); James Gallagher (R-CA-1); Everton Blair Jr. (D-GA-13); Aisha Wahab (D-CA-14); Raúl M. Grijalva (D-AZ-7); Gerald E. Connolly (D-VA-11); Michael Waltz (R-FL-6); Sylvester Turner (D-TX-18).

Summary

Main subject: Sets up a federal framework for payment stablecoins that limits who may issue them in the United States, sets reserve, redemption and disclosure requirements for issuers, and assigns federal and state regulators to approve and supervise them. Sec. 3, Sec. 4, Sec. 5, Sec. 7

Its core areas: Who may issue payment stablecoins in the United States; Reserve, redemption and disclosure requirements for issuers; Federal approval and supervision of stablecoin issuers; State-level regulation of stablecoin issuers; Anti-money laundering and sanctions compliance by issuers; Treatment of stablecoin issuers in insolvency proceedings; Foreign payment stablecoin issuers; Treatment of payment stablecoins under securities and commodities laws.

Unexpected Items: 9 provisions

These provisions fall outside the bill’s main subject or apply narrowly. This describes the text; it is not a judgment.

Not related to the bill’s main subject (3)

Exception or delay for a subset (6)

What it does

Written automatically from the official text by Claude Sonnet 5.5, an AI model. Written 29 Sep 2026 and published after the automatic checks, without a person reading it first. Every line names the section it came from.

Sources