H.R. 6409: FENCES Act

Bill · 119th Congress (2025–2026). Passed House, 16 Apr 2026. Introduced 3 Dec 2025.

Official title: To amend the Clean Air Act to clarify standards for emissions emanating from outside of the United States, and for other purposes.

Vote results

How each member voted

Senate

Not yet considered.

House

Yea (220): Harold Rogers (R-KY-5); Christopher H. Smith (R-NJ-4); Ken Calvert (R-CA-41); Frank D. Lucas (R-OK-3); Robert B. Aderholt (R-AL-4); Michael K. Simpson (R-ID-2); Pete Sessions (R-TX-17); Sam Graves (R-MO-6); Joe Wilson (R-SC-2); John R. Carter (R-TX-31); Tom Cole (R-OK-4); Mario Diaz-Balart (R-FL-26); Mike Rogers (R-AL-3); Michael R. Turner (R-OH-10); Darrell Issa (R-CA-48); Jim Costa (D-CA-21); Henry Cuellar (D-TX-28); Virginia Foxx (R-NC-5); Michael T. McCaul (R-TX-10); Gus M. Bilirakis (R-FL-12); Vern Buchanan (R-FL-16); Jim Jordan (R-OH-4); Adrian Smith (R-NE-3); Robert E. Latta (R-OH-5); Robert J. Wittman (R-VA-1); Steve Scalise (R-LA-1); Tim Walberg (R-MI-5); Brett Guthrie (R-KY-2); Tom McClintock (R-CA-5); Glenn Thompson (R-PA-15); Eric A. "Rick" Crawford (R-AR-1); Scott DesJarlais (R-TN-4); Charles J. "Chuck" Fleischmann (R-TN-3); H. Morgan Griffith (R-VA-9); Andy Harris (R-MD-1); Bill Huizenga (R-MI-4); Mike Kelly (R-PA-16); David Schweikert (R-AZ-1); Austin Scott (R-GA-8); Daniel Webster (R-FL-11); Steve Womack (R-AR-3); Mark E. Amodei (R-NV-2); Thomas Massie (R-KY-4); Andy Barr (R-KY-6); Richard Hudson (R-NC-9); David P. Joyce (R-OH-14); Scott Perry (R-PA-10); Ann Wagner (R-MO-2); Randy K. Weber, Sr. (R-TX-14); Roger Williams (R-TX-25); Jason Smith (R-MO-8); Rick W. Allen (R-GA-12); Brian Babin (R-TX-36); Mike Bost (R-IL-12); Earl L. "Buddy" Carter (R-GA-1); Tom Emmer (R-MN-6); Glenn Grothman (R-WI-6); J. French Hill (R-AR-2); Barry Loudermilk (R-GA-11); John R. Moolenaar (R-MI-2); Dan Newhouse (R-WA-4); Gary J. Palmer (R-AL-6); David Rouzer (R-NC-7); Elise M. Stefanik (R-NY-21); Bruce Westerman (R-AR-4); David G. Valadao (R-CA-22); Trent Kelly (R-MS-1); Darin LaHood (R-IL-16); Warren Davidson (R-OH-8); James Comer (R-KY-1); Jodey C. Arrington (R-TX-19); Don Bacon (R-NE-2); Jack Bergman (R-MI-1); Andy Biggs (R-AZ-5); Neal P. Dunn (R-FL-2); Clay Higgins (R-LA-3); Mike Johnson (R-LA-4); David Kustoff (R-TN-8); Brian J. Mast (R-FL-21); John H. Rutherford (R-FL-5); Lloyd Smucker (R-PA-11); Ron Estes (R-KS-4); Ralph Norman (R-SC-5); Michael Cloud (R-TX-27); Troy Balderson (R-OH-12); Kevin Hern (R-OK-1); Marlin A. Stutzman (R-IN-3); James R. Baird (R-IN-4); Tim Burchett (R-TN-2); Ben Cline (R-VA-6); Dan Crenshaw (R-TX-2); Russ Fulcher (R-ID-1); Jared F. Golden (D-ME-2); Lance Gooden (R-TX-5); Michael Guest (R-MS-3); Dusty Johnson (R-SD-AL); John Joyce (R-PA-13); Daniel Meuser (R-PA-9); Carol D. Miller (R-WV-1); Guy Reschenthaler (R-PA-14); John W. Rose (R-TN-6); Chip Roy (R-TX-21); Pete Stauber (R-MN-8); Bryan Steil (R-WI-1); W. Gregory Steube (R-FL-17); William R. Timmons IV (R-SC-4); Jefferson Van Drew (R-NJ-2); Claudia Tenney (R-NY-24); Gregory F. Murphy (R-NC-3); Thomas P. Tiffany (R-WI-7); Ryan K. Zinke (R-MT-1); Cliff Bentz (R-OR-2); Stephanie I. Bice (R-OK-5); Lauren Boebert (R-CO-4); Kat Cammack (R-FL-3); Andrew S. Clyde (R-GA-9); Byron Donalds (R-FL-19); Pat Fallon (R-TX-4); Randy Feenstra (R-IA-4); Michelle Fischbach (R-MN-7); Scott Fitzgerald (R-WI-5); Scott Franklin (R-FL-18); Andrew R. Garbarino (R-NY-2); Carlos A. Gimenez (R-FL-28); Diana Harshbarger (R-TN-1); Ashley Hinson (R-IA-2); Ronny Jackson (R-TX-13); Young Kim (R-CA-40); Nicole Malliotakis (R-NY-11); Tracey Mann (R-KS-1); Lisa C. McClain (R-MI-9); Mary E. Miller (R-IL-15); Mariannette Miller-Meeks (R-IA-1); Barry Moore (R-AL-1); Blake D. Moore (R-UT-1); Troy E. Nehls (R-TX-22); Jay Obernolte (R-CA-23); Burgess Owens (R-UT-4); August Pfluger (R-TX-11); Maria Elvira Salazar (R-FL-27); Victoria Spartz (R-IN-5); Beth Van Duyne (R-TX-24); Julia Letlow (R-LA-5); Jake Ellzey (R-TX-6); Mike Carey (R-OH-15); Mike Flood (R-NE-1); Brad Finstad (R-MN-1); Rudy Yakym III (R-IN-2); Mark Alford (R-MO-4); Aaron Bean (R-FL-4); Josh Brecheen (R-OK-2); Eric Burlison (R-MO-7); Juan Ciscomani (R-AZ-6); Mike Collins (R-GA-10); Elijah Crane (R-AZ-2); Donald G. Davis (D-NC-1); Monica De La Cruz (R-TX-15); Chuck Edwards (R-NC-11); Mike Ezell (R-MS-4); Russell Fry (R-SC-7); Marie Gluesenkamp Perez (D-WA-3); Harriet M. Hageman (R-WY-AL); Erin Houchin (R-IN-9); Wesley Hunt (R-TX-38); John James (R-MI-10); Jennifer A. Kiggans (R-VA-2); Kevin Kiley (I-CA-3); Nick LaLota (R-NY-1); Nicholas A. Langworthy (R-NY-23); Michael Lawler (R-NY-17); Laurel M. Lee (R-FL-15); Anna Paulina Luna (R-FL-13); Morgan Luttrell (R-TX-8); Richard McCormick (R-GA-7); Max L. Miller (R-OH-7); Cory Mills (R-FL-7); Nathaniel Moran (R-TX-1); Zachary Nunn (R-IA-3); Andrew Ogles (R-TN-5); Keith Self (R-TX-3); Dale W. Strong (R-AL-5); Derrick Van Orden (R-WI-3); Celeste Maloy (R-UT-2); Vince Fong (R-CA-20); Michael A. Rulli (R-OH-6); Tony Wied (R-WI-8); Tom Barrett (R-MI-7); Michael Baumgartner (R-WA-5); Nicholas J. Begich III (R-AK-AL); Sheri Biggs (R-SC-3); Robert P. Bresnahan, Jr. (R-PA-8); Jeff Crank (R-CO-5); Troy Downing (R-MT-2); Gabe Evans (R-CO-8); Julie Fedorchak (R-ND-AL); Brandon Gill (R-TX-26); Craig A. Goldman (R-TX-12); Adam Gray (D-CA-13); Abraham J. Hamadeh (R-AZ-8); Mike Haridopolos (R-FL-8); Pat Harrigan (R-NC-10); Mark Harris (R-NC-8); Jeff Hurd (R-CO-3); Brian Jack (R-GA-3); Mike Kennedy (R-UT-3); Brad Knott (R-NC-13); Ryan Mackenzie (R-PA-7); Addison P. McDowell (R-NC-6); John J. McGuire III (R-VA-5); Mark B. Messmer (R-IN-8); Riley M. Moore (R-WV-2); Tim Moore (R-NC-14); Robert F. Onder, Jr. (R-MO-3); Derek Schmidt (R-KS-2); Jefferson Shreve (R-IN-6); David J. Taylor (R-OH-2); Randy Fine (R-FL-6); Jimmy Patronis (R-FL-1); Matt Van Epps (R-TN-7); Clay Fuller (R-GA-14).

Nay (208): Steny H. Hoyer (D-MD-5); Marcy Kaptur (D-OH-9); Nancy Pelosi (D-CA-11); Frank Pallone, Jr. (D-NJ-6); Richard E. Neal (D-MA-1); Rosa L. DeLauro (D-CT-3); Maxine Waters (D-CA-43); Jerrold Nadler (D-NY-12); Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. (D-GA-2); James E. Clyburn (D-SC-6); Robert C. "Bobby" Scott (D-VA-3); Nydia M. Velázquez (D-NY-7); Bennie G. Thompson (D-MS-2); Lloyd Doggett (D-TX-37); Zoe Lofgren (D-CA-18); Danny K. Davis (D-IL-7); Diana DeGette (D-CO-1); James P. McGovern (D-MA-2); Brad Sherman (D-CA-32); Adam Smith (D-WA-9); Gregory W. Meeks (D-NY-5); John B. Larson (D-CT-1); Janice D. Schakowsky (D-IL-9); Mike Thompson (D-CA-4); Rick Larsen (D-WA-2); Betty McCollum (D-MN-4); Stephen F. Lynch (D-MA-8); Linda T. Sánchez (D-CA-38); Emanuel Cleaver (D-MO-5); Al Green (D-TX-9); Gwen Moore (D-WI-4); Debbie Wasserman Schultz (D-FL-25); Doris O. Matsui (D-CA-7); Kathy Castor (D-FL-14); Yvette D. Clarke (D-NY-9); Steve Cohen (D-TN-9); Joe Courtney (D-CT-2); Henry C. "Hank" Johnson, Jr. (D-GA-4); André Carson (D-IN-7); James A. Himes (D-CT-4); Chellie Pingree (D-ME-1); Paul Tonko (D-NY-20); Mike Quigley (D-IL-5); Judy Chu (D-CA-28); John Garamendi (D-CA-8); Bill Foster (D-IL-11); William R. Keating (D-MA-9); Terri A. Sewell (D-AL-7); Frederica S. Wilson (D-FL-24); Dina Titus (D-NV-1); Kweisi Mfume (D-MD-7); Suzanne Bonamici (D-OR-1); Suzan K. DelBene (D-WA-1); Joyce Beatty (D-OH-3); Ami Bera (D-CA-6); Julia Brownley (D-CA-26); Joaquin Castro (D-TX-20); Lois Frankel (D-FL-22); Jared Huffman (D-CA-2); Hakeem S. Jeffries (D-NY-8); Grace Meng (D-NY-6); Scott H. Peters (D-CA-50); Mark Pocan (D-WI-2); Raul Ruiz (D-CA-25); Mark Takano (D-CA-39); Juan Vargas (D-CA-52); Marc A. Veasey (D-TX-33); Robin L. Kelly (D-IL-2); Katherine M. Clark (D-MA-5); Alma S. Adams (D-NC-12); Donald Norcross (D-NJ-1); Pete Aguilar (D-CA-33); Donald S. Beyer, Jr. (D-VA-8); Brendan F. Boyle (D-PA-2); Ed Case (D-HI-1); Mark DeSaulnier (D-CA-10); Debbie Dingell (D-MI-6); Ted Lieu (D-CA-36); Seth Moulton (D-MA-6); Norma J. Torres (D-CA-35); Bonnie Watson Coleman (D-NJ-12); Bradley Scott Schneider (D-IL-10); Dwight Evans (D-PA-3); Nanette Diaz Barragán (D-CA-44); Salud O. Carbajal (D-CA-24); J. Luis Correa (D-CA-46); Adriano Espaillat (D-NY-13); Brian K. Fitzpatrick (R-PA-1); Vicente Gonzalez (D-TX-34); Josh Gottheimer (D-NJ-5); Steven Horsford (D-NV-4); Pramila Jayapal (D-WA-7); Ro Khanna (D-CA-17); Raja Krishnamoorthi (D-IL-8); Jimmy Panetta (D-CA-19); Jamie Raskin (D-MD-8); Darren Soto (D-FL-9); Jimmy Gomez (D-CA-34); Thomas R. Suozzi (D-NY-3); Joseph D. Morelle (D-NY-25); Mary Gay Scanlon (D-PA-5); Sean Casten (D-IL-6); Angie Craig (D-MN-2); Jason Crow (D-CO-6); Sharice Davids (D-KS-3); Madeleine Dean (D-PA-4); Veronica Escobar (D-TX-16); Lizzie Fletcher (D-TX-7); Sylvia R. Garcia (D-TX-29); Jesús G. "Chuy" García (D-IL-4); Josh Harder (D-CA-9); Jahana Hayes (D-CT-5); Chrissy Houlahan (D-PA-6); Susie Lee (D-NV-3); Mike Levin (D-CA-49); Lucy McBath (D-GA-6); Joe Neguse (D-CO-2); Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-NY-14); Ilhan Omar (D-MN-5); Chris Pappas (D-NH-1); Ayanna Pressley (D-MA-7); Kim Schrier (D-WA-8); Greg Stanton (D-AZ-4); Haley M. Stevens (D-MI-11); Rashida Tlaib (D-MI-12); Lori Trahan (D-MA-3); Lauren Underwood (D-IL-14); Jake Auchincloss (D-MA-4); Cleo Fields (D-LA-6); Sara Jacobs (D-CA-51); Teresa Leger Fernandez (D-NM-3); Frank J. Mrvan (D-IN-1); Deborah K. Ross (D-NC-2); Marilyn Strickland (D-WA-10); Ritchie Torres (D-NY-15); Nikema Williams (D-GA-5); Troy A. Carter (D-LA-2); Melanie A. Stansbury (D-NM-1); Shontel M. Brown (D-OH-11); Patrick Ryan (D-NY-18); Becca Balint (D-VT-AL); Nikki Budzinski (D-IL-13); Greg Casar (D-TX-35); Gilbert Ray Cisneros, Jr. (D-CA-31); Jasmine Crockett (D-TX-30); Christopher R. Deluzio (D-PA-17); Valerie P. Foushee (D-NC-4); Maxwell Frost (D-FL-10); Robert Garcia (D-CA-42); Daniel S. Goldman (D-NY-10); Val T. Hoyle (D-OR-4); Glenn Ivey (D-MD-4); Jonathan L. Jackson (D-IL-1); Sydney Kamlager-Dove (D-CA-37); Greg Landsman (D-OH-1); Summer L. Lee (D-PA-12); Seth Magaziner (D-RI-2); Morgan McGarvey (D-KY-3); Robert Menendez (D-NJ-8); Jared Moskowitz (D-FL-23); Kevin Mullin (D-CA-15); Brittany Pettersen (D-CO-7); Delia C. Ramirez (D-IL-3); Andrea Salinas (D-OR-6); Hillary J. Scholten (D-MI-3); Eric Sorensen (D-IL-17); Emilia Strong Sykes (D-OH-13); Shri Thanedar (D-MI-13); Jill N. Tokuda (D-HI-2); Gabe Vasquez (D-NM-2); Jennifer L. McClellan (D-VA-4); Gabe Amo (D-RI-1); Timothy M. Kennedy (D-NY-26); LaMonica McIver (D-NJ-10); Yassamin Ansari (D-AZ-3); Wesley Bell (D-MO-1); Janelle S. Bynum (D-OR-5); Herbert C. Conaway, Jr. (D-NJ-3); Maxine Dexter (D-OR-3); Sarah Elfreth (D-MD-3); Shomari Figures (D-AL-2); Laura Friedman (D-CA-30); Laura Gillen (D-NY-4); Maggie Goodlander (D-NH-2); Julie Johnson (D-TX-32); George Latimer (D-NY-16); Sam T. Liccardo (D-CA-16); John W. Mannion (D-NY-22); Sarah McBride (D-DE-AL); April McClain Delaney (D-MD-6); Kristen McDonald Rivet (D-MI-8); Dave Min (D-CA-47); Kelly Morrison (D-MN-3); Johnny Olszewski, Jr. (D-MD-2); Nellie Pou (D-NJ-9); Emily Randall (D-WA-6); Josh Riley (D-NY-19); Luz M. Rivas (D-CA-29); Lateefah Simon (D-CA-12); Suhas Subramanyam (D-VA-10); Derek Tran (D-CA-45); Eugene Simon Vindman (D-VA-7); George Whitesides (D-CA-27); James R. Walkinshaw (D-VA-11); Adelita S. Grijalva (D-AZ-7); Christian D. Menefee (D-TX-18); David Scott (D-GA-13); Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick (D-FL-20).

Not voting (3): Paul A. Gosar (R-AZ-9); Nancy Mace (R-SC-1); Thomas H. Kean, Jr. (R-NJ-7).

Not in office (14): Analilia Mejia (D-NJ-11); James Gallagher (R-CA-1); Everton Blair Jr. (D-GA-13); Aisha Wahab (D-CA-14); Raúl M. Grijalva (D-AZ-7); Gerald E. Connolly (D-VA-11); Eric Swalwell (D-CA-14); Doug LaMalfa (R-CA-1); Mikie Sherrill (D-NJ-11); Mark E. Green (R-TN-7); Michael Waltz (R-FL-6); Tony Gonzales (R-TX-23); Marjorie Taylor Greene (R-GA-14); Sylvester Turner (D-TX-18).

Summary

Main subject: Amends the Clean Air Act so that emissions from outside the United States, whether or not from human activity, and certain other emissions beyond a State's control can bar nonattainment designations and the application of sanctions and fees. Sec. 2

Its core areas: Clean Air Act treatment of emissions from outside the United States; Nonattainment area designations under national ambient air quality standards; Sanctions and fees for ozone and particulate matter nonattainment areas.

Unexpected Items: 0 provisions

What it does

Written automatically from the official text by Claude Sonnet 5.5, an AI model. Written 3 Oct 2026 and published after the automatic checks, without a person reading it first. Every line names the section it came from.

Sources