{"format":1,"id":"119-hr-2189","congress":119,"number":"H.R. 2189","kind":"bill","group":"bills","title":"Law-Enforcement Innovate to De-Escalate Act","title_source":"Short Title(s) as Reported to House","official_title":"To modernize Federal firearms laws to account for advancements in technology and less-than-lethal weapons, and for other purposes.","titles":[{"type":"Official Title as Introduced","title":"To modernize Federal firearms laws to account for advancements in technology and less-than-lethal weapons, and for other purposes."},{"type":"Display Title","title":"To modernize Federal firearms laws to account for advancements in technology and less-than-lethal weapons, and for other purposes."},{"type":"Short Title(s) as Passed House for portions of this bill","title":"Innovate Less Lethal to De-Escalate Tax Modernization Act"},{"type":"Short Title(s) as Passed House for portions of this bill","title":"Law-Enforcement Innovate to De-Escalate Act"},{"type":"Official Title from EH (Engrossed in House) bill text","title":"To modernize Federal firearms laws to account for advancements in technology and less-than-lethal weapons, and for other purposes."},{"type":"Short Title(s) as Reported to House","title":"Law-Enforcement Innovate to De-Escalate Act"},{"type":"Short Title(s) as Introduced","title":"Law-Enforcement Innovate to De-Escalate Act of 2025"}],"outcome":"passed_house","law_number":null,"introduced":"2025-03-18","chambers":{"house":{"status":"roll_call","date":"2026-02-12","vote":{"id":"119-2026-h70","question":"On Passage","title":"Law-Enforcement Innovate to De-Escalate Act","result":"Passed","yea":233,"nay":185,"present":0,"not_voting":13,"source":"https://clerk.house.gov/evs/2026/roll070.xml"}},"senate":{"status":"pending","date":null,"vote":null}},"president":{"status":"not_yet","date":null},"vice_president_tie_breaker":null,"latest_action":{"text":"Received in the Senate.","date":"2026-02-24"},"nominees":null,"amendments":[],"other_votes":[],"crs_summary":{"date":"2026-01-30","stage":"Reported to House","blocks":[{"k":"h","t":"Law-Enforcement Innovate to De-Escalate Act"},{"k":"p","t":"This bill removes less-than-lethal projectile devices (e.g., certain TASERs) from regulation under the Gun Control Act."},{"k":"p","t":"The term less-than-lethal projectile device means a device that (1) is not designed or intended to expel (and may not be readily converted to discharge) commonly used ammunition or projectiles exceeding a velocity of 500 feet per second; (2) is designed and intended to be used in a manner not likely to cause death or serious bodily injury; and (3) does not accept (and cannot be readily modified to accept) an ammunition feeding device."},{"k":"p","t":"The bill also requires the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives to determine whether a device satisfies the definition of a less-than-lethal projectile device within 90 days of a request."}],"words":126},"summary":{"main_subject":{"text":"Defines a \"less-than-lethal projectile device\" and removes such devices from certain federal firearms definitions, the federal excise tax on firearms and ammunition, and the National Firearms Act.","cites":[{"label":"Sec. 102","href":"https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/2189/text/eh#HC87BEB6E7FCD4BC3AEC413F05693C32C"},{"label":"Sec. 202","href":"https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/2189/text/eh#HE49AB14A81874A5DAF63F1C641D60E4B"},{"label":"Sec. 203","href":"https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/2189/text/eh#HB9C3DFBF06854A44BE11E472FC82411B"}]},"core_areas":["Gun Control Act definition of firearm and less-than-lethal projectile devices","Federal excise tax on firearms, shells and cartridges","National Firearms Act definition of firearm"],"what_it_does":[{"text":"Amends section 921(a) of title 18, United States Code, so that the second sentence of the definition of \"firearm\" also excludes a less-than-lethal projectile device.","cite":{"label":"Sec. 102","href":"https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/2189/text/eh#HC87BEB6E7FCD4BC3AEC413F05693C32C"}},{"text":"Defines a less-than-lethal projectile device as one that is not designed to expel handgun, rifle or shotgun ammunition or any projectile above 500 feet per second, and is designed to be used in a manner not likely to cause death or serious bodily injury.","cite":{"label":"Sec. 102","href":"https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/2189/text/eh#HC87BEB6E7FCD4BC3AEC413F05693C32C"}},{"text":"Requires the Attorney General to determine within 90 days after receiving a device whether it meets the definition, when a person requests a determination.","cite":{"label":"Sec. 102","href":"https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/2189/text/eh#HC87BEB6E7FCD4BC3AEC413F05693C32C"}},{"text":"Amends section 4182 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 so that the tax imposed by section 4181 does not apply to less-than-lethal projectile devices, devices on the Secretary's list, or qualifying shells and cartridges designed for them.","cite":{"label":"Sec. 202","href":"https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/2189/text/eh#HE49AB14A81874A5DAF63F1C641D60E4B"}},{"text":"Requires the Secretary to make public, and update annually, a list of devices determined to be less-than-lethal projectile devices and a list of devices that would qualify except for the 500 feet per second limit.","cite":{"label":"Sec. 202","href":"https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/2189/text/eh#HE49AB14A81874A5DAF63F1C641D60E4B"}},{"text":"Amends section 5845(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 so that less-than-lethal projectile devices and devices on the Secretary's second list are excluded from the National Firearms Act definition of firearm.","cite":{"label":"Sec. 203","href":"https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/2189/text/eh#HB9C3DFBF06854A44BE11E472FC82411B"}}],"unexpected":[{"category":"selective_carve_out","items":[{"cite":{"label":"Sec. 202","href":"https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/2189/text/eh#HE49AB14A81874A5DAF63F1C641D60E4B"},"heading":"Exemption of certain less-than-lethal projectile devices from firearms and ammunition tax","effect":"Exempts less-than-lethal projectile devices, devices on a Treasury list, and certain shells or cartridges designed for them from the section 4181 excise tax on firearms and ammunition, and sets 90-day classification and annual list and report duties.","amount":null,"quote":"The tax imposed by section 4181 shall not apply to— (A) any less-than-lethal projectile device, (B) any device contained on the most recent list made available by the Secretary"},{"cite":{"label":"Sec. 203","href":"https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/2189/text/eh#HB9C3DFBF06854A44BE11E472FC82411B"},"heading":"Exemption of certain less-than-lethal projectile devices from National Firearms Act","effect":"Amends the National Firearms Act definition of firearm so that less-than-lethal projectile devices and devices on the Treasury list under section 4182(d)(1)(B) are excluded from it.","amount":null,"quote":"any antique firearm, any less-than-lethal projectile device (as defined in section 4182(d)(2)), any device referred to in section 4182(d)(1)(B), or"}]}],"version":{"type":"Engrossed in House","date":"2026-02-12","rule":"passed","href":"https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/2189/text/eh"},"current":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","approved":"2026-10-03","approved_by":"checks"},"sources":{"congress_gov":"https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/2189","text":"https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/2189/text"},"card":{"image":"card/item/119-hr-2189.png","v":"611f0c5ff96d","alt":"Votes on Record. H.R. 2189, 119th Congress: Law-Enforcement Innovate to De-Escalate Act. House: 233 Yea, 185 Nay. Senate: not yet considered. Outcome: Passed House, 12 Feb 2026."}}